Eric Croddy, Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Program, 2001: (F)ormer members of the Japanese Imperial Army .. (say) the total number of Chinese killed by .. biological warfare (BW) was about 21,000 people, most of these from cholera (not including the more than 3,000 Chinese, Korean, and other prisoners of war who died in Japanese BW experiments.) Chinese estimates are much greater.

Dr. Liu Huaqiu: During Japan’s invasion of China, BW was carried out among 20 or more provinces and cities in China, killing more than 200,000 Chinese people.

Croddy reasons the Chinese estimate is probably too high, but there’s no dispute Chinese people were the victims of systematic biological warfare.

Makes sense you’re gonna react to that - develop your own fucking bio-defense/weapons program. No-one could blame China for doing that.

U.S. Office of Secretary of Defense: China is believed to possess an offensive biological warfare capability based on technology developed prior to its accession to the BWC [Biological Warfare Convention].

Richard Fisher: While China suffered horribly from Japan’s chemical and biological warfare activities during World War II, Communist China has since built defensive and offensive chemical warfare capabilities. It may therefore be unwise to rule out human error.